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Theories of Media Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Speculations of Media - Movie Review Example The main apparatus he has in this philosophical combat zone is his appeal and abilities in smart defense. In reality, the film fixates on Nick's emergency of heart as he denies the perils, talk, and good doubts that his activity include with. Adding to the complexity of the story is the nearness of his child, who decides to trust him in spite of the undeniable realities that are followed alongside the sort of vocation he has. En route he met two individuals that put turn on his life, the insightful report who thinks she got Naylor by the neck for her own plan, and win the enthusiasm of the tobacco big boss. The film additionally handles the wondrous prospects of having enough cash to pay off certain dependable media, for example, film, to promote nearly anything even risky component like cigarettes. It takes close to death experience and a kid's government assistance that persuaded Naylor to contradict his mastery. Indeed, even not straightforwardly expressed, yet the sub message is certain that Hollywood is more persuasive and fabulous than the Washington, yet at the same time the two urban communities are basically in a similar business of advancing and enduring open compelling thoughts. Placing in a monstrous light the ethical areas who themselves have moral issues to determine with, and delineating the being of an individual of the social foe. The film adjusts between the remain of smokers and non-smokers. Leaving to the crowd the choice which contention they no doubt accommodated. It is the matter of decision that issues and how mindful one ought to be with his stand. THE AUDIENCE Joey, Nick Naylor's child, casually speaks to the crowd of the film, setting up compassion for his dad's activity by concurring his contentions, yet having his own psyche, far fetched about cigarette smoking. Furthermore, as Joey, crowd ready to comprehend that Nick is just carrying out his responsibility all together to pay his home loan, simply like any other person working. The creation focused on develop crowds due to its subject. It is a motor to capsulate the way of life and business of expert contention. Casually focus on open mindfulness about social impact. Hypotheses OF MEDIA In the film, a specific columnist, played by Katie Holmes, has her own plotting technique to infiltrate the viewpoint of a tobacco lobbyist. An individual like Nick Naylor, in his status, is a subject for media content. Like Gazeteciler expressed, each point of the saint's contention and character is subject for news structure, it is variable. California's Proposition 99 is a reaction to the neo-rigid culture. It is the main problem continuous sub setting to the film. The point of this type of media is to stir the faculties of general society or rather a token of how social impact and dictator duties in a manner crowd can relate and feel for. Indeed, even before this film is played in films, it as of now increases the two acclaims and negative investigates. The substance of the film itself is questionable enough to try and produce a 'contrivance' for its public statement. The title could get consideration of the power concerns, enough for them to get frightened. That is the reason the official statement organization easily brought the ad of this film, yet mindful that it won't be in a blockbuster list in view of its touchy topic and the way that some classification of crowds can't be took into account

The List List #52

The List List #52 at The Hugo Awards, 2013 Nominees at Huffington Post  Books, 17 Body Facts from Mary Roachs GULP at LitStack, Staff Pick  Favorite Shakespeare  Characters at LitReactor, 6 Types of Poems to Banish Writers Block at  Flavorwire, References to David Foster Wallace on Last Weeks Parks and Recreation at Melville House, 5 Writers on Margaret Thatcher (and 5 Songs Inspired by Her) at PWxyz,The 10 Best Small Towns in  Books at The Chicago Tribunes Printers Row, New  Books About Baseball at The Guardian, 10 Best  Books About Grieving at Virginia Quarterly Review, 5 Book Designers on Books That  Inspire Them at Publishers Weekly, The Bestselling  Books of 2013 So Far at The Mary Sue,  World War Z Fan Posters _________________________ Sign up for our newsletter to have the best of Book Riot delivered straight to your inbox every two weeks. No spam. We promise. To keep up with Book Riot on a daily basis, follow us on Twitter or like us on Facebook. So much bookish goodnessall day, every day.

B.F. Skinners Contribution to Psychology - 1488 Words

B.F. Skinner’s Contribution to Modern Psychology Ian K. Connelly Oklahoma State University B.F. Skinner’s Contribution to Modern Psychology As I began to study the history and beginning of psychology there was one man who stood out to me clearly as a powerful force of influence and contributor to the direction psychology has taken in its still very young life. What does it mean to be a major influential contributor to the science of psychology? This man shows us with his groundbreaking theories, inventions and experiments as well as his over 200 books and articles on the field of psychology. He is Burrhus Frederic Skinner and he is one of the reasons psychology is the profound and crucial science that it is today. (New World†¦show more content†¦This experiment furthered his approach towards behaviorism and also added to what Watson had proposed. (Shacter, Gilbert amp; Wegner, 2011) Also slightly contrary to what Watson and Pavlov believed, he proposed that the behavior of an organism did not depend upon the preceding stimulus but on the reward that occurre d after the behavior took place. (Cherry, 2013) This led Skinner to state in his book, â€Å"The Behavior of Organisms†, what he called the principle of reinforcement. Reinforcement basically stated that when an organism does something that causes it to benefit in some way, it is likely to repeat the action in order to receive the benefit again. This allows organisms to adapt to their environments and the conditions they live in, in order to survive. (Shacter, Gilbert amp; Wegner, 2011) Skinner went on to use his ability to invent and his interest in behaviorism to try and benefit society in many different ways. He invented such things as the â€Å"Air crib† which was an enclosed chamber to put a baby inside that would allow you to closely monitor and modify the temperature and humidity of the environment. Unfortunately this didn’t quite catch on after people started to compare it to his earlier invention, the operant conditioning chamber, and wonder whether or not it was too cruel for a child. Another quite interesting invention that he proposed was a pigeon guided missile. During world war two, before the U.S. Navy had a practical way to guide a missile,Show MoreRelatedSkinner And His Contribution On Behaviorism And Operant Conditioning1500 Words   |  6 Pagesand has been studied by many psychologists for many years now. B.F. Skinner was known as one of the most controversial intellectual figures of the late twentieth century who introduced behavior analysis and the idea of reinforcement (Myers, 2010). Skinner developed much of his work based from the law of effect by Edward Thorndike, who was also known as a philosopher. This research paper will focus on B.F. Skinner and his contribution on behaviorism and operant conditioning. This paper will provideRead MoreThe Role of Research and Statistics in the Field of Psychology1359 Words   |  6 PagesJohn B. Watson work on classical behaviorism that paved the way for B. F. Skinners radical or operant behaviorism which has had a large impact on educational systems. Watson was one of the influential psychologists of the twentieth century. His material is still used in most psychology and educational psychology texts. Watson helped with defining the study of behavior anticipated Skinners emphasis on operant conditioning and the importance of learning and environmental influencesRead MoreBF Skinners Operant Conditioning Theory543 Words   |  2 Pagesï » ¿B.F. Skinner (Order #A2088785) Burrhus Frederic Skinner, called B.F., is considered to be the father of the field of psychology known as behaviorism. Through his research in behavior, Skinner developed the theory of operant conditioning, or the idea that a new behavior can shaped. This was very different from classical conditioning where an existing behavior is reinforced through associating it with a stimuli. Skinners operant conditioning sought to develop an entirely new behavior throughRead MoreOperant Conditioning : History And Application Essay775 Words   |  4 Pagesconditioning is not only being used in experiments conducted by psychologists, but also by many businesses. E.L. Thorndyke’s and B.F. Skinner’s experiments shed light on operant conditioning and their research findings are still applicable. One proponent of operant conditioning was E.L. Thorndike.(Scott, 2009). Thorndike made major contributions to the psychology field, by examining how animals learn. His finding can be found in his dissertation, An Experimental Study of the Associative ProcessRead MorePsychology as a Pradigm Essay1679 Words   |  7 PagesThomas Kuhn asserts that sciences more mature than psychology have reached what he describes as a paradigm (Kuhn, 1963). A paradigm is a model, universally accepted by practitioners of a science during the period of its development (Watson, 1966). A paradigm must attract adherents away from approaches that oppose its own, and is sufficiently open-ended so that the problems it leaves can be resolved (Locurto, 2013; Kuhn, 1963). Therefore, a paradigm directs research and defines problems worth solvingRead MoreClassical And Operant Conditioning And The Field Of Psychology997 Words   |  4 Pagesclassical and operant conditioning contributed to the field of psychol ogy? In this essay I will outline the main principles of both operant and classical conditioning methods and discuss what both theories have contributed to the field of psychology and what they have taught us about the way in which some human behaviour occurs. Classical conditioning, also known as Pavlovian conditioning (Davis, S. F., Buskist, W. (2008). 21st century psychology: a reference handbook Page 312 (Vol. 1). Sage.) statesRead MoreSkinner, Behaviorism, And Operant Conditioning1671 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction Skinner, who was a behavioral psychologist, propelled his work towards the field of behaviorism concerning operant conditioning. Though, his work was more instrumental in structuring and confirming major sectors in the psychology field. Skinner, who was also an enthusiastic student of Thorndike, created a view of the present view in regards to expanding the comprehension of conditioning. His model was typically instrumental confirming numerous understandings of the currentRead MoreCarl Rogers Vs. F. Skinner : Which Perspective Is The Most Important?1419 Words   |  6 Pages Carl Rogers vs B. F. Skinner – Which Perspective is the Most Important? A long-debated argument in the field of Psychology has been which theory or explanation of human behavior is the most important and the most viable. Is B. F. Skinner’s theory that behavior is the result of man’s response to external stimuli or is Carl Rogers’ theory that man’s behavior is the result of his determination to achieve self-actualization the best explanation? After much research and thought, I will argue in favorRead MoreWatson, Skinner and Tolman Essay1627 Words   |  7 PagesDuring the 20th century, the science of psychology developed a role that identified it as an essential of life. John B. Watson, B.F. Skinner, and Edward Tolman are a vital part of that journey transcending from the 19th century to what is now known as â€Å"modern day psychology† in 2012. In this succinct writing the contributions of each man will be revealed and deliberation to define their difference shall be incorporated herein. Although, each psychologi st has commonalities in their perspectivesRead MoreSummary of B.F. Skinner and Piaget1045 Words   |  5 PagesB.F. Skinner’s Concept of Verbal Behavior One of the most influential members of the behaviorist movement, as well as among psychologists who study human development was B.F. Skinner (Diessner, 2008, p. 134). Skinner was notable for his description of the acquisition of new behavior through the use of reinenforcement and punishment called operant conditioning (Diessner, 2008). Skinner also contributed his behaviorist explanation of language development through his concept of verbal behavior (Diessner

Essay on Jonathan Kozol The Human Cost Of An Illiterate...

Knowledge is an effective factor in which human society relies on. Throughout history, those who were knowledgeable were well-respected, honored and revered. Author Jonathan Kozol writes his essay, â€Å"The Human Cost of an Illiterate Society,† to project the importance of knowledge and to explain that without it, one can suffer disastrous repercussions. He highlights real-life examples of how people suffer as a result of chronic illiteracy, and his entire essay is an advocacy for knowledge and literacy. Other authors such as Frederick Douglass and Richard Wright would use their personal experiences in completely different settings to highlight the power of knowledge. Douglass, a man born into slavery, and Wright, a man living through†¦show more content†¦Knowledge has the ability to free Douglass from his social injustice. This realization foreshadows Douglass’ career in the future; as he is no longer enslaved. As history continues and times have changed, the power of knowledge still remains the same. Jonathan Kozol is a man that expresses the same belief as Douglass; that knowledge is rewarding. Although the times have changed; Kozol acknowledges the debilitating effect that comes when one is not knowledgeable. Kozol makes this evident in his novel as he states that â€Å"Not knowing the right word for the right thing at the right time is a form of subjugation† (165). According to Kozol, knowledge determines the way society views an individual. An illiterate person will struggle in a coerced society. Therefore, the author informs the audience the blessing it is to have knowledge because they will be set free from being socially enslaved. As a result, the significance of knowledge and its blessings grants freedom against social injustice. Douglass and Wright both experience similar reactions to their newly gained knowledge. After finding access to a library, Wright begins to read and learn more about different perspectives and th e way others think. He eventually realizes, through his readings, that he is hurt by what he learns as is evident in quotation â€Å"But to feel that there were feelings denied me, that the very breath of life itself was beyond my reach, that more than anything hurt, wounded me,†Show MoreRelatedThe Human Cost Of An Illiterate Society By Jonathan Kozol946 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"The Human Cost of an Illiterate Society† by Jonathan Kozol, implies something different. Kozol emphasizes the hardship of an illiterate, and briefly explains the importance of helping an illiterate without providing much of a solution, while Kozol’s essay was ineffective overall because of the lack of factual evidence and flawed conclusions, his strategic use of tone, repetition and rhetorical questioning provided some strength to his argument. By establishing a sympathetic tone, Kozol effectivelyRead MoreThe Human Cost Of An Illiterate Society By Jonathan Kozol877 Words   |  4 Pagesdo what you just did. In Jonathan Kozol’s essay titled, â€Å"The Human Cost of an Illiterate Society,† he exposes the complications of being illiterate as well as how it affects a person on a social, personal, and financial level. He brings to light the troubles illiterates go through right from the beginning, and takes repeated stabs at the way they function, and how it brings extreme troubles. Kozol effectively educates and exploits the overlooked troubles of being illiterate, by providing examples ofRead MoreThe Human Cost Of An Illiterate Society By Jonathan Kozol1059 Words   |  5 Pages As soon as humans walked the earth, since the beginnings of time, learning was the most vital in order to survive. This was, and still is today, the most important part of adaptation, problem-solving, and creation of life itself. Wit hout it, our society would never move forward and humanity would never advance. Undeniably, education is the start of everything in life itself meaning that it continuously surrounds every aspect of life. In both Frederick Douglass’s essay, â€Å"Learning to Read† andRead MoreJonathan Kozol The Human Cost Of An Illiterate Society Analysis1009 Words   |  5 Pagesilliteracy. In this society, it is unfortunate that there are individuals who are illiterate, which ultimately affects their democratic lives. Many other citizens do not face this issue, and may not recognize the disadvantages that illiterates face. In Jonathan Kozol’s text, â€Å"The Human Cost of an Illiterate Society,† he discusses the various issues concerned with illiteracy, one of them being how it affects democracy. Democracy is a type of government where power, that involves human rights and valuesRead MoreThe Human Cost Of An Illiterate Society989 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of â €Å"The Human Cost of an Illiterate Society† In the essay, â€Å"The Human Cost of an Illiterate Society† written by Jonathan Kozol and originally published in the book, â€Å"Illiterate America†, is a bundle of examples of how people who are illiterate live every day. It showcases the hardships they go through, and how much of a problem it is. He had quotes from various interviews with people who are illiterate, and how many become distrustful of people trying to explain what the written documentRead MoreThe Human Cost Of An Illiterate Society1048 Words   |  5 PagesAre illiterates just people who exist? Do they just walk around aimlessly, never knowing what to do? â€Å"Illiterates live, in more than literal ways, an uninsured existence,† says Jonathan Kozol. In Kozol’s article, â€Å"The Human Cost of an Illiterate Society,† he intensely describes how illiteracy can impact both the illiterate and those surrounding him. There is a tragic human cost for an illiterate society. If people a re unable to read, then what can they do? In this case, the least taken-for-grantedRead MoreProblems Faced by Illiterates Essay478 Words   |  2 Pagesfrom what millions of illiterates feel on a daily basis. The phrase illiteracy applies to more than a simple inability to read or write. There is also functional illiteracy. Functional illiterates can read words but they cannot comprehend their meanings, synthesize information or make decision based on what they read. Illiteracy could also be defined as restriction or confinement due to the simple fact that, thats the type of life many non-readers lead. Illiterates choices are restrictedRead More Fishing for Words Essay1502 Words   |  7 Pagesin America; basically someone illiterate cannot live on their own until they have been taught the basics, reading and writing. According to Kozol’s essay The Human Cost of an Illiterate Society the government, administration, and people of high power live by the beginning of the quote (Kozol, The Human Cost of an Illiterate Society). They help someone illiterate make a living until the person is out of their control. Yet the government, administrations, and society maintain control through illiteracyRead MoreGeneral Education Essay1869 Words   |  8 PagesWith living costs as high as they are in this day and age, it is completely unreasonable to expect the average individual to squander already limited resources. Receiving a bachelors degree today requires an assortment of classes that often are not directly related to ones career objectives. For some, they find this to be an enjoyable adventure, broadening their knowledge and learning about new aspects of life, but for others this is just burdensome. However it is looked upon, the college curriculumRead More General Education Essay1795 Words   |  8 Pages With living costs as high as they are in this day and age, it is completely unreasonable to expect the average individual to squander already limited resources. Receiving a bachelor’s degree today requires an assortment of classes that often are not directly related to one’s career objectives. For some, they find this to be an enjoyable advent ure, broadening their knowledge and learning about new aspects of life, but for others this is just burdensome. However it is looked upon, the college curriculum

Language and Cultural Barriers Free Essays

With so many people immigrating to the United States and all the companies that are doing business internationally, we must find a way to make it work. There are many ideas, learning groups and classes that are specifically designed to help people of all languages and cultures learn to work together and understand one another. The internet has shown that progress is inevitable; it is time for a change. We will write a custom essay sample on Language and Cultural Barriers or any similar topic only for you Order Now Foreign-born immigrants are rapidly becoming a central part of the American labor force. This entry of immigrants is creating jobs in the fields of manufacturing, service and construction. With so many immigrants joining our workforce, it is the best idea for employers to embrace this idea and find ways to link these languages and culture barriers. Charleston, WV Immigrant Statistics (quickfacts. consensus. gov, 2010) †¢ Charleston, WV Population as of 2006: 50,846. †¢ Foreign Born Persons as of 2000:3. 2% †¢ Language other than English spoken:5. 3% In 2006, the foreign-born population of West Virginia was 2. 5%. The majority of immigrants in West Virginia are from the following (usimmigrationsupport. com, 2010). †¢ 34. 9% Mexico 10. 1% Canada †¢ 6. 7% Germany †¢ 23. 6% UK, Korea, Philippines, China, Japan, India and Soviet Union Cultural and language barriers can create communication problems which can cause hazardous conditions, especially in the blue collar fields. People’s stereotypes can get in the way of hiring a good worker, we need to look beyond the stereotypes and see what kind of person they really are. Some companies req uire certain educational backgrounds, and don’t take into consideration the applicants experience and education when coming from another country. All countries can stand to learn a little bit about tolerance when it comes to foreigners. In foreign countries, certain acts are considered social suicide, such as receiving a business card from someone in Japan and stuffing it in your pocket. The Japanese consider their business cards a symbol of themselves. Some other common cultural differences are: †¢ Roles and Status—in some countries women are considered inferior and are expected to walk behind the males. Some countries females are not expected or allowed to work. What is considered normal in American culture regarding etiquette for a working woman is far different in other countries. In Latin American countries, colorful business attire is welcomed, however, in Asia and the Middle East, the norm is neutral-colored clothing and nothing else. When conducting a meeting in Islamic Middle East, a female must have a male host that accompanies them to their meetings, where they may well be the only female in attendance. †¢ Personal Space—Americans usually stand about 5 feet away from each other, however, Japanese cultural likes more space and the Latin cultural likes to stand closer. In China it is acceptable to push your way through a crowd and you may be invited to spa where nudity is considered appropriate. †¢ Body Language—In America, eye contact is considered a sign of respect. People in the Japanese culture considers it is a sign of disrespect to look directly at a superior. Where Americans are very animated with their facial expressions, Asians are sometimes considered emotionless. Closed eyes mean a person is bored or sleepy in America, but in Japan and Thailand it shows that you are listening and concentrating. Such a simple gesture as a friendly kiss is prohibited in parts of Asia where it is considered a sexual act. In the Middle East and parts of Indonesia, the left hand is considered unclean. †¢ Personal Appearance—In various parts of the world, Americans are considered careless with dress, manners and body movements; generous with neighbors, superficial, shallow and short-lasting with friendships, ethnocentric—less interested in others, independent, and individually feeling. In some countries, our dress is considered provocative and rude. In countries such as China, India and Russia, women must keep their knees and elbows covered and shirts must be buttoned completely up to the neck. Pants are frowned upon in Japan and in the Middle East, cleavage is a definite no-no! However, in Latin America, women are appreciated for wearing bright, stylish clothing. Employers can help by being practical and learning to tear down the barriers, employers can reduce worker’s compensation injuries, improve the ability to recruit, hire and retain workers and increase productivity (charlotteworks. org, 2010). There are a lot of people in the United States who feel that people who live in our country should learn to speak our language; while this might not be the most practical statement, it makes sense when talking about positions such as customer service or anything that requires directions. It is so easy to misunderstand someone and then something goes terribly wrong. However, who’s to say it shouldn’t be the same way when we go to another country to work? Most foreign countries have a large number of citizens that do speak the English language, especially in terms of the business world. However, the more languages you can speak fluently will help you if you plan a future in International Business. International businesses should require employees to take language classes in at least one language where they conduct business; it’s only fair to the people in that country. So many things can be misconstrued if you don’t know the language and try to conduct business without an interpreter, especially when it comes to jobs that require strict policies to keep employees safe. If an employee doesn’t understand instructions, or misinterprets them, there is a significant change of injury which can hurt the company as well. Even when foreign workers in America can speak English, there are so many slang terms that they may not really understand what is being said. When going to a foreign country to work, the employee must conduct research and learn as much as they can about the country and their customs and realize that they cannot generalize the people of a certain area. There are many different cultures inside a country and they should not all be lumped together under a stereotype. We must learn that every person is an individual and has different values and ways of life. The employer can provide a mentor to the new employee so they can get better adjusted with the culture and office policies. Culturosity. com (2010) provides the following 10 Strategies for Overcoming Language Barriers: †¢ Speak slowly and clearly. †¢ Ask for clarification. †¢ Frequently check for understanding. †¢ Avoid idioms. †¢ Be careful of jargon. †¢ Define the basics of business. †¢ Be specific. †¢ Choose your medium of communication effectively. †¢ Provide information via multiple channels. †¢ Be patient. In summary, our world is changing and the idea of International Business is coming upon us quickly. We must learn patience no matter if we are the foreigner in a different country, or if we are welcoming new employees into our company. They key to overcoming language barriers is education. We must learn about the countries we do business with and they must learn about our country. There are so many different cultures and languages that it will be helpful to learn different languages and brush up on other countries way of life. References 1. 10 Strategies for Overcoming Language Barriers. (n. d. ) Retrieved from www. culturosity. com 2. Breaking Down Language Barriers. (November 19, 2005) Retrieved from www. forbes. com 3. Communication Breakdown; Overcoming Cultural and Language Barriers in the Global Gear Market. (May 2008); Retrieved from www. geartechnology. com 4. Cultural and Language Barriers in the Workplace. (February 2002). Retrieved from the www. charlotteworks. org 5. State and County Quick Facts. (October 26, 2010). Retrieved from www. quickfacts. census. gov 6. Immigration to West Virginia. (n. d. ) Retrieved from www. usimmigrationsupport. org. How to cite Language and Cultural Barriers, Essays

The Status Of Childrens Rights In Nepal Children And Young People Essay Essay Example

The Status Of Childrens Rights In Nepal Children And Young People Essay Essay The intent of this study is to measure the issues environing the childrens human rights in Nepal by knocking their position in concurrence with the applicable International Treaties. Simultaneously its purpose is to exemplify the current state of affairs, by supplying information from findings sing the misdemeanors on the rights of the kids. Particularly it focuses on wellness position, sexual development, forced labor and instruction and it reflects those misdemeanors, by supplying statistical informations and paradigms during and after the armed struggle. It would besides give accent, on whether Nepal has complied with the International Conventions every bit good as whether any NGO.s gave any attending towards the crisis sustained in Nepal. Finally the study would do a general rating by supplying recommendations in regard of Nepal s executions and promises for the betterment of kids s human rights, including the demand of their protection and their hereafter concern. II.Introduction Nepal in world is one of the poorest and undeveloped states in the universe, which tries to be reborn from its ain ashes, after witnessing and sing a 10 twelvemonth internal violent armed struggle, due to the Maoist insurgence which ceased in 2006. We will write a custom essay sample on The Status Of Childrens Rights In Nepal Children And Young People Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Status Of Childrens Rights In Nepal Children And Young People Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Status Of Childrens Rights In Nepal Children And Young People Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer However the last old ages have been made important alterations and developments. In 2008, Nepal went from political instability to a Federal Democratic Republic as the UCPN-M[ 1 ]had agreed with the Nepali authorities to come to an terminal with that struggle. Thus was guaranteed a peaceable authorities harmonizing to the CPA,[ 2 ]set uping equality and safeguarding cardinal human rights and freedoms. Despite the fact that, there is a gradual recovery and advancement, serious human rights misdemeanors continue to happen, as Nepal still faces the aftershocks of the crisis. Arguably the armed struggle has stigmatised the most vulnerable group and has deprived from them their basic rights. Childs have been victimised and faced banishment of their houses, forced to be soldiers and randomly detained by the authorities, subjected to maltreatment and even anguish. Others were used for development and being subjected to sexual maltreatment striping their right to be educated and besides their wellness position has been deteriorated. Immediate aid from human rights guardians and INGO s[ 3 ]was quickly given globally, but still it is an imperative demand as kids demand their protection. Most of them still live under insecurity and instability confronting hazards of farther misdemeanors of their rights. Frankincense is due consideration to foreground the current state of affairs. III.Children s Health Status and Human Exploitation in Armed Conflict It is claimed that kids are bulk in statistics but minority on societal position in existent universe .[ 4 ]This statement reveals the current state of affairs refering kids s rights position in Nepal. Recent studies indicate that there have been dangerous misdemeanors of kids s rights as 100s have been killed by armed groups due to the political state of affairs and others continue to be at hazard even if the state is in a post-conflict phase. Furthermore 1000s were earnestly injured and others have died because of diseases peculiarly from HIV/AIDS.[ 5 ]Their wellness position has been degrading[ 6 ]both physically and mentally as the armed struggle deprived from them their basic rights such as the right to household, nutrient and shelter. The unfriendly environment had exposed orphaned kids to conditions which had neer experienced before. Furthermore 100s have been displaced from their households and have been subjected to misdemeanor, harlotry and nonvoluntary servitude without their consent going vulnerable to high hazards of infective diseases. During and after the ceasefire, kids development had worsened their wellness as the bulk of the exploited kids have been unlawfully treated and exposed in awful conditions, confronting subjugation and coercion. Simultaneously the unequal wellness system, resources and the insufficient work force has worsened their wellness position. Even if Nepal has attained to streamline kid s wellness the last decennaries by cut downing mortality under 5 from 118 % in 1996 to 61 % in 2006, nevertheless disparities exist by different societal groups sing handiness in the wellness system. The phenomenon of kid trafficking is Nepal s one of its major jobs. Yet, no formal studies have been prepared by the Nepali authorities but the Committee concerned that there is deficiency of existent statistics of kids victims on development and trafficking.[ 7 ]However a research conducted by CWIN[ 8 ]in association with Save the Children revealed that 73,8 % of 110 male childs populating on the street, had had non-consensual sexual intercourse.[ 9 ]Another tragic survey conducted by ILO[ 10 ]estimated that about 5000 kids, chiefly misss are working as commercial sex workers.[ 11 ] However Nepal had successfully ratified and had abided by the footings of OPSC.[ 12 ]Besides the Interim Constitution of Nepal guarantees the protection of kids against any signifier of maltreatment and development every bit good as many Acts of the Apostless such as the Children s Act[ 13 ]and Human Trafficking and Transportation Control Act[ 14 ]is opposed to CSEC.[ 15 ]However the survey of the CRC[ 16 ]Sub-Committee of the HRTMCC[ 17 ]reveals that the Nepali commissariats do non explicitly address the issues that autumn under OPSC[ 18 ]and neglect to harmonize with the CRC. Consequently that means the statute law does non safeguard the rights of the kids from CSEC. Harmonizing to the same survey it was observed that even if establishments, Centres and enterprises are combat against CSEC there is a deficiency of coordination between them[ 19 ]as there is an overlap due to authorities establishments. At the same clip different undertakings cease to go on their work as there is no equal fiscal support and besides there is no specific programme to work against CSEC for the best involvements of the kid. Notably kids who have participated in audience meetings did non cognize about the authorities programmes sing OPSC airing. Since most of the kids are illiterate they can non understand the commissariats conducted by the Nepali authorities battling CSEC ; so without holding the proper cognition and support it would be an Utopia for them to contend for their rights against CSEC which could be characterised as a modern type of bondage. IV.Forced Labour-DCL Myriad surveies, indicate that the mission of the authorities is to enrich the position of the kid in Nepal and do efforts in order to explicate schemes so as to extinguish the worst signifiers of DCL.[ 20 ] Nepal has one of the worst backgrounds sing the signifiers of forced labor particularly in the DCL. Frans Roselaers claimed that unacceptable signifiers of development of kids at work exist and persist but they are hard to research due to their hidden, sometimes illegal or even condemnable nature. [ 21 ]The phenomenon of child labor in Nepal takes tonss of dimensions the last decennaries as kids are economically active from their immature age. In conformity to NFLS[ 22 ]the engagement rate for kids is estimated at approximately 40.4 % .[ 23 ] The current political state of affairs, poorness and the harmful traditional patterns use kids to be exposed in the worst risky conditions and forced them to drop out from school striping from them their instruction. The fundamental law of Nepal prohibits child labor and the Nepali authorities after the confirmation of CRC indicated the committedness of guaranting that kids do non hold to work. Therefore Nepal was obligated to ordain several domestic Torahs. Within this context enacted the Children s Act[ 24 ]and besides Child Labour Act[ 25 ]purely forbiding and eliminating child labor. Furthermore in 1997 ratified C138[ 26 ]with object the abolishment of child labors and became a member of the SAARC.[ 27 ]Besides, the IPEC[ 28 ]operates in Nepal with purpose to make policies against child labor. An issue which is yet due consideration is whether kids rights have so made advancement after the confirmation of the Conventions in concurrence with the new democratic system of Nepal by ordaining esteeming statute law, policies that present a development on their human rights position. It must be emphasised that there is a important decrease of bonded labor to 40.4 % compared to 47.0 % of the entire kid population which was detected in NLFS 1998. Although the Committee in its one observation concerned that despite the attempts of the province party to get rid of the worst signifiers of kid labor, the prevalence of child labor remains high peculiarly in risky conditions of work .[ 29 ] In 2009, the CEACR[ 30 ]despite Nepal s confirmation of C182[ 31 ]and Optional Protocol to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict[ 32 ]requested the authorities to take steps in order to amend its domestic statute law and forbid the forced enlisting of kids less than 18 old ages for usage in armed struggle. The Committee besides observed that the authorities has non made respective Torahs which are consistent with the commissariats of the Convention in order to forbid a individual below 18 old ages to be exposed in risky work. V.Education Education is kids s premier concern and besides it could be considered the footing of making a safe hereafter for a state. Children are the chief participants of a state and particularly Nepal which is a state where instruction must be promoted among other developments made by the province. Nepal has ratified the ICESCR[ 33 ]where Articles 13 and 14 highlight the issue of free compulsory instruction. Although Nepal consented to the footings in order to supply free instruction between the ages of 6 and 11 ; the commissariats sing the Covenant are non followed. Besides in one of its latest studies the UN[ 34 ]Committee observed that Nepal has yet to follow a policy of mandatory instruction and farther remarks that there is a spread refering the attending between misss and male childs every bit good as there is great disparity between castes cultural and autochthonal groups. The emancipation of kids from a immature age had used them to work hard as their households do non put in their educational demands because of pecuniary adversities. Statisticss from a recent study conducted by the ILO showing the earnestness of the state of affairs ; 9 % of the entire kid population, have neer attended school and 59 % have non even completed their primary instruction.[ 35 ]Unusually the gender spread remains a job as largely misss are discriminated from instruction due to the patriarchal traditions who want misss to be married from their immature age. VI.Human Rights Defenders NGO s such as UNICEF[ 36 ]play a cardinal function as their mission is to safeguard the rights of the kids in Nepal. UNICEF had provided mechanisms for the demands of the kids back uping them in assorted ways: providing rehabilitation and wage programmes every bit good as reintegration programmes. A NGO named Salvage the Children focuses chiefly in the development of instruction and wellness of the kids by seeking to modulate and cut down youth mortality. set uping strategic partnerships with the authorities. VII.Conclusion Therefore the hapless economic position, poorness and besides the bad cultural patterns in Nepal, illustrate kids s human rights in their worst signifier. Even if the province has made measure frontward by signing international conventions there is deficiency of enforcement of the jurisprudence and policies which in world constitutes the chief spread for any solutions. However, Nepal could non be the lone combatant of safeguarding the kid rights through its legislative model, but the cardinal prevarications on the general system of human resources and society which must be sensitive on issues environing kids s rights. IX.Recommendations Effective schemes must be conducted by the PPCC[ 37 ]which would implement policies for work outing the issues of DCL. Even if instruction has been hindered by poorness, it could be the response to decrease child labour and enrich the position of the kid. The Nepali authorities must instantly sign the 3rd Optional Protocol,[ 38 ]as pursuant to it, abused kids that became victims of harlotry and trafficking could hold the chance to raise their voice and bring ailments for misdemeanors of their rights. The province must give attending to the UN observations refering favoritism in instruction in which it must extinguish gender disparity in primary and secondary instruction. Trade brotherhoods should go on to promote these challenges in the procedure of educational restructure and set force per unit area to the authorities of altering its policies in all degrees of instruction matching to the commissariats contained in ICESCR. Streamline 2000 words. X.Bibliography-References Rehman, J. , ( 2010 ) . International Human Rights Law ( 2nd edition ) . Essex: Pearson Education Limited. Naftali B. , 2011. International Human-centered Law and International Human Rights Law ( 1st edition ) . Oxford: University Press. Gajurel, D.P. , 2007. Child Rights in Nepal , [ on-line ] .Unpublished Menuscript, Kathmandu: Nepal Law Campus, Faculty of Law, Tribhuvan University. Available at hypertext transfer protocol: //papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm? abstract id= 1106619. [ Accessed 27th November 2012 ] . Aruna, J. , 2008. Impact of Armed Conflict on Children in Nepal: Situation Analysis of their wellness position. [ on-line ] . Kathmandu School of Law Child Rights Search and Resource Centre, Nepal. Available at: www.ksl.edu.np/crc_students-article.asp. [ Accessed 27th November 2012 ] . Child Rights NGO Report Prepared by: CRC Sub-committee, Human Rights Treaty, Monitoring Coordination Committee ( HRTMCC ) , Secretariat: Child Nepal ( CN ) . , 2011. Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of kids, kid harlotry and kid erotica ( 2000 ) . [ on-line ] . CN Promoting Child Rights through Education. Available at: www.childrennepal.org/showmodule.php? url=crc. [ Accessed 27th November 2012 ] . Child Rights NGO Report Prepared by: CRC Sub-committee, Human Rights Treaty, Monitoring Coordination Committee ( HRTMCC ) , Secretariat: Child Nepal ( CN ) . , 2011. Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of kids, kid harlotry and kid erotica ( 2000 ) . [ on-line ] . CN Promoting Child Rights through Education, 2011, 21. Available at: www.childrennepal.org/showmodule.php? url=crc. [ Accessed 27th November 2012 ] . Child Rights NGO Report Prepared by: CRC Sub-committee, Human Rights Treaty, Monitoring Coordination Committee ( HRTMCC ) , Secretariat: Child Nepal ( CN ) . , 2011. Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of kids, kid harlotry and kid erotica ( 2000 ) . [ on-line ] . CN Promoting Child Rights through Education, 2011, 13. Available at: www.childrennepal.org/showmodule.php? url=crc. [ Accessed 27th November 2012 ] . International Labour Organization ( ILO ) Central Bureau of Statistics of Nepal, . 2008. NEPAL CHILD LABOUR REPORT based on informations drawn from the Nepal Force Labour Survey. [ on-line ] . ILO 2008, xi. Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ilo.org/kathmandu/whatwedo/publications/WCMS_182988/lang en/index.htm [ Accessed 27th November 2012 ] . International Labour Organization ( ILO ) Central Bureau of Statistics of Nepal, . 2008. NEPAL CHILD LABOUR REPORT based on informations drawn from the Nepal Force Labour Survey. [ on-line ] . ILO 2008, xii. Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ilo.org/kathmandu/whatwedo/publications/WCMS_182988/lang en/index.htm [ Accessed 27th November 2012 ] . UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 2008. Nepal: Persistent misdemeanors of kids s rights. [ on-line ] . Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.crin.org/resources/infodetail.asp? ID=29608. [ Accessed day of the month 27th November ] . Karen C.T. , 2000. Trafficing in kids in Asia ; a regional overview. [ on-line ] . ILO. Available at: www.ilo.orf/asia/whatwedo/publications/WCMS_BK _PB _7 _EN/lang en/index.htm. [ Accessed twenty-seventh November ] . Gonzalez, Z. , 2002. International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour El Salvador, The Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children and Adolescents: A Rapid Assessment [ online ] . Available at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ilo.org/public/spanish/standards/ipec/simpoc/elsalvador/ra/sexexp.pdf. [ Accessed 26th November 2012 ] .

265+ Forceful Verbs to Turn You Into a Literary Tyrannosaurus

265+ Forceful Verbs to Turn You Into a Literary Tyrannosaurus 265+ Forceful Verbs to Turn You Into a Literary Tyrannosaurus Writing is a storytelling medium. Every sentence is an opportunity to tell a part of that story, elaborating on the plot, characters, atmosphere - whatever. This also means that every time the author writes a sentence like, â€Å"Harry opened the door,† they are missing out on a key opportunity to tell us more. What if Harry â€Å"jimmied the door,† or â€Å"threw the door open†?   By using forceful verbs, we get a better sense of what’s happening without many extra words.Why should you use forceful verbs?A lot of the time, it simply comes down to using evocative verbs: doing words that not only tell us what is happening but how it is being done as well. But wait! you say, isn’t that what adverbs are for?Adverbs: who needs them?Adverbs, by definition, are modifiers that writers can use to describe an action:He walked slowlyShe ate voraciouslyThey sleep lightlyThe thing is, more often than not, you can pick a forceful verb that makes the adverb re dundant:He saunteredShe gobbledThey dozedApart from simply being economical with words and avoiding purple prose, however, there are plenty of sound reasons to choose stronger verbs. So, it had come to this: paying his bills by crying for a stock photo. (Photo by  Tom Pumford)â€Å"Show, don’t tell† was made for writing about emotion. If ever you feel the urge to write, â€Å"He was very sad,† then please power down your computer and take a nap. Nobody needs to read that. Instead of telling us how a character feels, show them doing something that reveals this emotion. Why not start by checking out these evocative verbs:BeamBroodCovetCraveFazeFretFrownGlowerHowlScowlSobStareSwoonWailYowlShining verbsâ€Å"Don’t tell me the moon is shining,† Chekhov once wrote. â€Å"Show me the glint of the light on broken glass.† As a tip of the great Russian dramatist and short story maestro, we’ll finish up with some more alternatives for shining.FlickerGleamGlistenGlitterGlowShimmerSizzleSparkleTwinkleWell-chosen, powerful verbs are the secret weapons in a wordsmith’s holster. Always remember that using a bog-standard, overused verb is a missed opportunity. Make every word count, and give your readers something they can get lost in.Have we missed out on your favorite forceful verb? Let us know in the comments below!

Battle of Sullivans Island in the American Revolution

Battle of Sullivan's Island in the American Revolution The Battle of Sullivans Island took place June 28, 1776 near Charleston, SC, and was one of the early campaigns of the American Revolution (1775-1783). Following the beginning of hostilities at Lexington and Concord in April 1775, public sentiment in Charleston began to turn against the British. Though a new royal governor, Lord William Campbell, arrived in June, he was forced to flee that fall after Charlestons Council of Safety commenced raising troops for the American cause and seized Fort Johnson. Additionally, Loyalists in the city increasingly found themselves under attack and their homes raided.      The British Plan To the north, the British, who were engaged in the Siege of Boston in late 1775, began seeking other opportunities to strike a blow against the rebelling colonies. Believing the interior of the American South to be friendlier territory with a large number of Loyalists who would fight for the crown, plans moved forward for Major General Henry Clinton to embark forces and sail for Cape Fear, NC. Arriving, he was to meet a force of predominantly Scottish Loyalists raised in North Carolina as well as troops coming from Ireland under Commodore Peter Parker and Major General Lord Charles Cornwallis. Sailing south from Boston with two companies on January 20, 1776, Clinton called at New York City where he had difficulty obtaining provisions. In a failure of operational security, Clintons forces made no effort to hide their ultimate destination. To the east, Parker and Cornwallis endeavored to embark around 2,000 men on 30 transports. Departing Cork on February 13, the convoy encountered severe storms five days into the voyage. Scattered and damaged, Parkers ships continued their crossing individually and in small groups.   Reaching Cape Fear on March 12, Clinton found that Parkers squadron had been delayed and that the Loyalist forces had been defeated at Moores Creek Bridge on February 27. In the fighting, Brigadier General Donald MacDonalds Loyalists had been beaten by American forces led by Colonel James Moore. Loitering in the area, Clinton met the first of Parkers ships on April 18. The remainder straggled in later that month and in early May after enduring a rough crossing. Armies Commanders Americans Major General Charles LeeColonel William Moultrie435 men at Fort Sullivan, 6,000 around Charleston British Major General Henry ClintonCommodore Peter Parker2,200 infantry Next Steps Determining that Cape Fear would be a poor base of operations, Parker and Clinton commenced assessing their options and scouting the coast. After learning that the defenses at Charleston were incomplete and being lobbied by Campbell, the two officers elected to plan an attack with the goal of capturing the city and establishing a major base in South Carolina. Raising anchor, the combined squadron departed Cape Fear on May 30. Preparations at Charleston With the beginning of the conflict, the president of the South Carolina General Assembly, John Rutledge, called for the creation of five regiments of infantry and one of artillery. Numbering around 2,000 men, this force was augmented by the arrival of 1,900 Continental troops and 2,700 militia. Assessing the water approaches to Charleston, it was decided to construct a fort on Sullivans Island. A strategic location, ships entering the harbor were required to pass by the southern part of the island to avoid shoals and sandbars. Vessels that succeeded in breaching the defenses at Sullivans Island would then encounter Fort Johnson. The task of building Fort Sullivan was given to Colonel William Moultrie and the 2nd South Carolina Regiment. Commencing work in March 1776, they constructed 16-ft. thick, sand-filled walls which were faced with palmetto logs. Work moved slowly and by June only the seaward walls, mounting 31 guns, were complete with the remainder of the fort protected by a timber palisade. To aid in the defense, the Continental Congress dispatched Major General Charles Lee to take command. Arriving, Lee was dissatisfied with the state of the fort and recommended that it be abandoned. Interceding, Rutledge directed Moultrie to obey [Lee] in everything, except in leaving Fort Sullivan. The British Plan Parkers fleet reached Charleston on June 1 and over the next week began crossing the bar and anchoring around Five Fathom Hole. Scouting the area, Clinton decided to land on nearby Long Island. Located just north of Sullivans Island, he thought his men would be able wade across Breach Inlet to assault the fort. Assessing the incomplete Fort Sullivan, Parker believed that his force, consisting of the two 50-gun ships HMS Bristol and HMS Experiment, six frigates, and the bomb vessel HMS Thunderer, would easily be able to reduce its walls. The Battle of Sullivans Island Responding to the British maneuvers, Lee began reinforcing positions around Charleston and directed troops to entrench along the northern shore of Sullivans Island. On June 17, part of Clintons force attempted to wade across Breach Inlet and found it too deep to proceed. Thwarted, he began planning to make the crossing using longboats in concert with Parkers naval attack. After several days of poor weather, Parker moved forward on the morning on June 28. In position by 10:00 AM, he ordered the bomb vessel Thunderer to fire from extreme range while he closed on the fort with Bristol (50 guns), Experiment (50), Active (28), and Solebay (28). Coming under British fire, forts soft palmetto log walls absorbed the incoming cannon balls rather than splintering. Short on gunpowder, Moultrie directed his men in a deliberate, well-aimed fire against the British ships. As the battle progressed, Thunderer was forced to break off as its mortars had become dismounted. With the bombardment underway, Clinton began moving across Breach Inlet. Nearing the shore, his men came under heavy fire from American troops led by Colonel William Thomson. Unable to safely land, Clinton ordered a retreat to Long Island. Around noon, Parker directed the frigates Syren (28), Sphinx (20), and Actaeon (28) to circle to the south and assume a position from which they could flank Fort Sullivans batteries. Shortly after beginning this movement, all three grounded on an uncharted sandbar with the latter twos rigging becoming entangled. While Syren and Sphinx were able to be refloated, Actaeon remained stuck. Rejoining Parkers force, the two frigates added their weight to the attack. In the course of the bombardment, the forts flagstaff was severed causing the flag to fall. Jumping over the forts ramparts, Sergeant William Jasper retrieved the flag and jury-rigged a new flagpole from a sponge staff. In the fort, Moultrie instructed his gunners to focus their fire on Bristol and Experiment. Pummeling the British ships, they caused great damage to their rigging and lightly wounded Parker. As the afternoon passed, the forts fire slackened as ammunition ran low. This crisis was averted when Lee dispatched more from the mainland. Firing continued until 9:00 PM with Parkers ships unable to reduce the fort. With darkness falling, the British withdrew. Aftermath In the Battle of Sullivans Island, British forces sustained 220 killed and wounded. Unable to free Actaeon, British forces returned the next day and burned the stricken frigate. Moultries losses in the fighting were 12 killed and 25 wounded. Regrouping, Clinton and Parker remained in the area until late July before sailing north to aid in General Sir William Howes campaign against New York City. The victory at Sullivans Island saved Charleston and, along with the Declaration of Independence a few days later, provided a much needed boost to American morale. For the next few years, the war remained focused in the north until British forces returned to Charleston in 1780. In the resulting Siege of Charleston, British forces captured the city and held it until the end of the war.

Summarize the Ssources Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Summarize the Ssources - Coursework Example For example, in the case of Marijuana, it evaluates health issues related with the drug. Medical anthropology is discussed in the book’s first part; the second part evaluates the environment and health along with the social sources of certain health issues, the range of medical systems in various societies is evaluated in the third part while the fourth part is in support of the fusion of social action and theoretical perspectives (Baer, et al., n.p.). The book provides an approach that is proportional and engaging in terms of both local and state politics. It demonstrates how the government and politics vary between communities and the states in which the communities are situated. It also identifies and discusses the sources and impacts of these differences. The book also looks at concepts put forward by societal scientists concerning the impacts of institutions and regulations on policies and politics. An example is that of the Arizona department of health that was tasked with regulating sale and use of Marijuana specifically for medicinal reasons. By evaluating such institutional mandates, the book gives insight on the outcomes and impacts of such regulations. The book also evaluates the effects of public policies and political bodies on public predicaments, and people like policies on prohibited drugs and their use (Donovan et al., n.p.). The book specifically and categorically looks at the campaign by the federal government against Marijuana. According to the book, the campaign by the federal government against Marijuana is focused on all aspects of Marijuana that include, its growth, cultivation, sale, and use that includes medicinal and recreational purposes. The book goes through the various administrations that have led the federal government including the Clinton, Bush, and Reagan administrations. It evaluates the efforts of these administrations to stop every use of Marijuana. The book looks at how these administrations disregarded

You can make a topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

You can make a topic - Essay Example Leopold argues that there have not been laws to determine the ethical aspects of the person and other things like land and animals which are relevant parts of the life of people. This means that people are likely participate in the different ways that violates the rights of the land and animals without getting subjected to any law (Leopold 163-164). Leopold (165) argue ethics is a guide that should dictate the behavior of people when they are interacting with other parts of the ecology in which they live and exploit to have their livelihood. According to him for example, land ethic makes Homo sapiens just members in the ecology as opposed to his conquering position in which he may take advantage of other individuals in the society. This means that people cannot exploit the land while provoking the rights of the other organisms that are occupying the same environment because the rights make all of them equal members in the environment. In another area, Leopold says that conservation is one of the key components and role that members of the ecology should carry on as long as they are in the environment. This means that all the occupants need to be conscious of the place in which they live and therefore, they should engage in practices that will ensure that they their stay is sustainable. On the other hand, Leopold (166) provides an alternative to land ethics which is looking at the fact of conservation from the perspective of the economic value of each member of the ecology. This means that all the plants and animals that produce nothing of economic significance should be left out to survive on their own and can also be eliminated to allow the productivity of the land. The strength of Leopold’s work is that it provides a framework of the behavior of different individuals in the ecology as role players to ensure conservation of the environment without

Equity vs Debt Essay -- GCSE Business Marketing Coursework

Equity vs Debt Financial Statement Information - Debt and Equity Holders Debtholders and equityholders as claimants to a firm’s future cashflows are interested in assessing risk. Debtholders Debtholders are primarily interested in assessing whether the firm’s cashflow will be sufficient to make interest and principal payments on a timely basis The lower the probability of a cash shortfall, the lower the risk to the debtholder Debtholders therefore gather information about the firm’s liquidity, debt capacity and liquidation value of assets Equityholders Equityholders are residual claimants of the firm’s cashflows. Shareholders in effect, hold an option on the value of the firm’s assets, with the exercise price equal to the face value of the debt. It is well known that the option component of equity value increases with the variance of expected future cashflows – Black and Scholes (1973) and with the firm’s debt to equity ratio. Therefore, when equity has a large component of option-like characteristics, financial statement analysis focuses on assessing both the expected level and the variance of future cashflows when valuing equity. At extreme debt levels, the equity is a ‘deep in the money’ option and its valuation does not require the use of the option pricing model. More traditional valuation models suffice. Financial analysts are interested in assessing a firm’s Beta risk so that they can perform valuation of traded stocks, seasoned e... Equity vs Debt Essay -- GCSE Business Marketing Coursework Equity vs Debt Financial Statement Information - Debt and Equity Holders Debtholders and equityholders as claimants to a firm’s future cashflows are interested in assessing risk. Debtholders Debtholders are primarily interested in assessing whether the firm’s cashflow will be sufficient to make interest and principal payments on a timely basis The lower the probability of a cash shortfall, the lower the risk to the debtholder Debtholders therefore gather information about the firm’s liquidity, debt capacity and liquidation value of assets Equityholders Equityholders are residual claimants of the firm’s cashflows. Shareholders in effect, hold an option on the value of the firm’s assets, with the exercise price equal to the face value of the debt. It is well known that the option component of equity value increases with the variance of expected future cashflows – Black and Scholes (1973) and with the firm’s debt to equity ratio. Therefore, when equity has a large component of option-like characteristics, financial statement analysis focuses on assessing both the expected level and the variance of future cashflows when valuing equity. At extreme debt levels, the equity is a ‘deep in the money’ option and its valuation does not require the use of the option pricing model. More traditional valuation models suffice. Financial analysts are interested in assessing a firm’s Beta risk so that they can perform valuation of traded stocks, seasoned e...

Competitive Analysis of Crest Whitestrips Essay

Every firm’s marketers must develop an effective strategy for dealing with the competitive environment. A company may position its product or service with an eye towards its ability to sustain that position (Hooley and Greenley, 2005). The most direct competition occurs among marketers of similar products. The indirect competition involves products that can be easily substituted. One company may compete in a broad range of markets in many areas of the world. Another company may specialize in a particular market segment like geographic location, age, or income characteristics. Marketers must make product pricing, distribution, and promotional decisions that give the firm a competitive advantage in the marketplace. The overall health of the economy determines how much a consumer is willing to spend on a particular product. Industry Analysis There are many other companies that have teeth whitening products such as Colgate-Palmolive’s Total Plus Whitening toothpaste, Listerine whitestrips, Rembrandt’s whitening toothpaste and whitening kits, and Aquafresh White Trays. I believe the degree of differentiation within this industry is oligopoly. Oligopoly is a common market form. Oligopolistic competition can give rise to a wide range of different outcomes. Competition between sellers in an oligopoly can be fierce, with relatively low prices and high production. This could lead to an efficient outcome approaching perfect competition. The competition in an oligopoly can be greater than when there are more firms in an industry if, for example, the firms were only egionally based and didn’t compete directly with each other. In an oligopoly, firms operate under imperfect competition. Following from the fierce price competitiveness created by this sticky-upward demand curve, firms utilize non-price competition in order to accrue greater revenue and market share. These firms dominate the teeth whitening industry and form a large proportion of it. Competitive Analysis Crest Whitestrips competitors are Aquafresh white trays, Listerine whitestrips, and Rembrandt whitening system. Crest whitestrips come in various strengths and styles, but the basic model is the same for all their products. They are not uncomfortable to wear. They may cause excessive saliva, which makes it harder to apply. They may sometime cause sensitivity that lasts a few days. Aquafresh White trays can get clumpy and whiten unevenly. The trays may cover more area than Crest Whitestrips, but the trays may not fit all mouths, are less comfortable, and can cause gum irritation. Finally, it’s more difficult to find inexpensive White Trays. Crest Whitestrips are usually about $10 cheaper, possibly because they whiten more gradually. If you need something fast and only have half an hour a day, Aquafresh may be your product, but it will probably be less comfortable and a little more expensive. Learning about customer needs and wants is an important part of competitive analysis. Customer’s priorities should become the companies’ priorities. Analysis of product strategy toward competition Strategic plans should touch on all areas of a business’s operations, including production of goods and/or services, distribution of those goods and/or services, pricing of goods and/or services, and marketing of goods and/or services. Decision makers must continually monitor competitors’ marketing activities, their products, channels, prices, and promotional efforts. Most business’ want to achieve superior marketing performance in their industries and develop a system for continuously comparing and measuring performance against outstanding performers. As competition intensifies, competitors tend to cut prices to attract new buyers. The reduction in price can cause a decrease in revenues for all firms in the industry, unless the lower prices stimulate enough new purchases to offset the loss in revenue on each unit sold. If current customers buy more frequently than they normally did, total sales will rise even though no new buyers enter the market. This firm benefits by developing comprehensive product lines as opposed to concentrating solely on individual products. This diversity allows the firm or company to maximize sales opportunities within the limitations of its resources.

Interpersonal Essay Based on a Movie - 840 Words

Introduction â€Å"Men and women cant be friends, because sex always gets in the way†, is the main theme of the movie â€Å"When Harry met Sally†. The script is a good example of the interpersonal communication ten stage model by Mark Knapp. This developmental model entails the stages of a relationship from it’s infancy to an ending. In the movie we can clearly identify all ten stages of this model. Stage # 1 - Initiating According to the Knapp model, the beginning of every relationship—especially an intimate, romantic or close friendship—begins with the initiation stage. This stage involves the initial contact with another person. In the movie the stage of initiation begins when Harry and Sally meet for the first time and prepare to share a†¦show more content†¦Harry asks Sally if she would like to spend the night at a motel. This dialogue leads to an interesting point of view that men and women in general cannot be friends. However, this stage is not fully developed at this point but has helped them both as a foundation for later encounters. The scene ends with the arrival to New York City. Many years later they meet again on several occasions but the intensifying stage does not resume until they finally become friends and share details about their past failed relationships. During this period they start spending a considerable amount of time together and their expression of feelings toward the other becomes more intense. We see the beginnings of a true interpersonal relationship development. Stage # 4 - Integrating If a relationship strengthens the integration stage begins. During this stage there is a sense of unity and belonging. In the movie as their friendship grows, the integration stage begins at a New Year’s Eve party where they dance together and they recognize that what they feel is more than friendship. 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Haptics has a significant effect on interpersonal communication, and as Joann Peck and Terry Childers write in the Journal of Consumer research, â€Å"interpersonal touch has been found to greatly affect both attitudes and behavior (Peck, 2003). When Elle finds her intended fiancà ©, Warner, at a Halloween party, she effectively charms him into a corner. Elle places her armsRead MoreAttitudes, Racism and Culture Essay1521 Words   |  7 PagesPsychology Research Essay: Attitudes, Racism and Culture Focus: Simple interpersonal contact is not sufficient enough to reduce prejudiced attitudes. Prejudice is most likely to be reduced when several factors are in effect. _________________________________________________________ Attitudes are long term ideas individuals hold about themselves, objects, other people and issues. They have three components; affect (feelings), behaviour (actions) and cognition (thoughts). Attitudes are not somethingRead MoreThe Two Step Flow Theory1474 Words   |  6 Pageson the flow of influence through media outlets to opinion leaders, who then interpret their own ideas to the less interested mass audience. This theory, suggested by Paul Lazarsfeld, was a significant advance in media communication research. This essay will go into detail on Paul Lazarfeld’s The People’s Choice study which provided the research for his theory and the continuation of his work through the Rovere and Decatur study. Before the Two Step Flow method, the Hypodermic Needle Model was aRead MoreThe Moral Principles Of Ethics1352 Words   |  6 Pagessociological theory. Philosophers has studied and attempted to answer how and where the self’s moral principle generated from. Ethics has been one of the strongest foundation of social structure. Many society developed and structured their moral principle based on reason, self-preservation and spirituality. Each one these sources contributed or dominated the moral values of society and therefore had different ideas on what was right and wrong. Many society used fear to instill goodness in the self and thereforeRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie My Sisters Keeper 1627 Words   |  7 PagesThe movie â€Å"My sisters keeper† is about 13 year-old Anna, who sues her parents for medical emancipation when she is expected to donate a kidney to her sister Kate, who has leukemia. This essay will focus on three events in Anna’s life, and discuss how each event in the characters life had an affect on her physical, psychosocial and cognitive development. The events that will be discussed are: how being brought into the world to save Kate affected Anna’s psychosocial development, how having to undergo